Wild Wednesday - Red underwing moth
This week's Wild Wednesday spotlight is on a striking visitor you might spot in your garden or local green spaces - the red Underwing moth, scientific name Catocala nupta.
It's one of Britain's most striking moths. With a wingspan of 66 to 80 millimetres it features camouflaged grey-brown forewings that blend seamlessly into tree bark - and dramatic scarlet or crimson hindwings boldly patterned with black bands and a white fringe, revealed only when it takes flight, the dramatic splash of the red colour gives this species its name.
Life cycle
- eggs are laid on bark or leaves of willow or poplar trees in autumn and overwinter until spring
- caterpillars, (larvae) hatch in spring, appearing May to July. They feed at night and hide under bark or litter by day
- pupation occurs in leaf litter or crevices, followed by adult emergence from July to October
- one generation per year.
Where can you find them in West Sussex?
This moth is widespread across the UK and West Sussex is no exception. You're most likely to see it in gardens, parks, and woodland areas, especially near rivers or damp habitats where willow and poplar trees grow - these are the caterpillar's favourite food plants.
Look out for them resting on walls, fences, or tree trunks during the day, particularly in late summer and early autumn.
Why is it special?
Camouflage and surprise - its dull forewings help it hide from predators, while the sudden flash of red when disturbed can startle birds and give the moth a chance to escape.
Size matters - this is one of the larger moths you'll see in the UK, with a wingspan of up to eight centimetres.
Night-time nectar lover - red underwings feed on nectar at night and are attracted to light, so you might spot one near an outdoor lamp.
Next time you're out in your garden or exploring West Sussex's green spaces, keep an eye out for this stunning moth. Its hidden beauty is a reminder of the incredible wildlife thriving all around us.
Why It matters locally
Ecosystem role - as both prey (for birds and bats) and predator (larvae feeding on willows/poplar), the Red Underwing helps maintain ecological balance.
Indicator of habitat health - its successful expansion into West Sussex suggests good-quality woodland and riparian environments. Monitoring its presence helps assess habitat change and climate trends.
Local sightings - the Sussex Moth Group encourages reporting of sightings - go to their website to find out more: Sussex Moth Group